The Targaryens were known as the Dragonlords. They were the only dragonriders of Valyria to survive the Doom. (I: 35. SSM: 1)
Dragonbone is light and flexible, but very strong. It has a high iron content, and is black because of it. Dragonbone bows are prized by the Dothraki (I: 101)
The three dragons of Aegon and his sisters were named after the old gods of Valyria (I: 102. II: 141)
Balerion the Black Dread was Aegon's dragon. It could have swallowed an aurochs or a mammoth whole, its fire was black as its scales, and when it flew whole towns were darkened by its shadow (I: 102. II: 141)
Vhaghar was Visenya's dragon. Vhagar's breath could melt a knight's armor and cook the man inside, and it could swallow a man on horseback whole (I: 102. II: 141)
Meraxes was Rhaenys's dragon. Meraxes was larger than Vhaghar (I: 102. II: 141)
The two last Targaryen dragons had skulls no larger than mastiffs and were misshapen. They were born on Dragonstone. The last, a stunted green female whose eggs never hatched, was said to have been poisoned by Aegon III Dragonbane after seeing his mother eaten by one in the Dance of the Dragons (I: 102, 682; THK: 465)
Dragon eggs are huge, patterned in brilliant colors that make them seem almost jewelled. They are very heavy, as if of solid stone. The surface of the shell is covered with scales (I: 86)
Dragon eggs may have many colors, such as a deep green with bronze flecks, pale cream streaked with gold, and black alive with scarlet ripples (I: 86)
Books exist concerning the properties of dragons (I: 101)
Dragons are largely believed to be dead and gone from the world, although some disagree (I: 106. IV: 2)
Targaryens may feel heat from dragon eggs, where everyone else feels only cold (I: 192)
Some hold that dragons came first from the east, from the Shadow Lands beyond Asshai and the islands of the Jade Sea (I: 197)
There appear to be no more dragons, all dead or killed over the centuries, although some maesters believe they may still exist in unkwown lands (I: 197. IV: 2)
One legend in the eastern continent, repeated by a Qartheen, is that dragons were hatched from a second moon that came too close to the sun and cracked. The dragons drank up the fire of the sun, which is why they breathe flame. One day the remaining moon will come to close as well, and dragons will be reborn (I: 198)
Balerion's teeth are as long as swords (I: 287)
Aegon the Conqueror had the Iron Throne made from the swords of his enemies, saying that a king should never rest easy (I: 386)
Balerion is supposed to have heated the swords that were used to make the Iron Throne (I: 388)
Dragons have long, sinuous necks (I: 674)
Newly-hatched dragons already have streams of smoke coming from their mouths. Their wings are translucent (I: 674)
Since the last dragon died, summers are believed to be shorter and winters longer and harsher (THK: 465)
Aegon the Conqueror had knelt to pray in Dragonstone's sept the night before he sailed (II: 109)
Dragon eggs are more precious than rubies, and living dragons are beyond price (II: 139)
Newly hatched dragons are no larger than scrawny cats, but their translucent wings are large and marvellously colored (II: 140)
New dragons are mostly neck, tail, and wing (II: 140)
Dragons will not eat raw meat. It must be cooked and seared (II: 141)
New dragons will gulp down several times their own weight each day (II: 141)
Heat pours out of dragons, so palpable that in a cool night they steam (II: 141)
The horns, wing bones, and spinal crests of dragons are differently colored from the scales, having such hues as gold, bronze, or scarlet (II: 141. III: 87, 88)
The Targaryens rode their dragons, and were carried by them even in flight (II: 144)
The bones of a dragon, so immense that a man on horseback can ride through the jaws (II: 148)
At least some people from the Shadow (including shadowbinders) say that dragons are fire made flesh (II: 313)
Dragons have eyes like molten gold (II: 316)
Newborn dragons have wings too weak to fly (II: 317)
The maesters believe that the dragons are no more (II: 325)
It takes years before dragons are large enough to be useful in war (II: 427)
The Targaryens had to train their dragons, to keep them from laying waste to everything around them in their wildness (II: 427)
Certain steps in making wildfire work better and more efficiently now. A pyromancer speculates that this could have something to do with dragons, as an old Wisdom said to him once that the spells for making wildfire were not as effectual as they once were because dragons had gone from the world (II: 523)
Young dragons will eat rats and even flying fish (III: 87, 88)
Dragons always preferred to attack from above, especially if they are between the sun and their prey (III: 88)
Young dragons practice diving and attacking one another, and do not fear tumbling into the sea as they can fly right out of it again (III: 88)
Young dragons can fly many miles (III: 88)
Growing dragons are often hungry, and the larger young dragons seem to be nearly always hungry (III: 88)
A dragon at two or three years could be large enough to ride (III: 88)
Grown dragons have an impressive range, able to fly the distance across the narrow sea and perhaps even further without pause (III: 88)
Dragons some half a year old can range to the size of small dogs, or a little larger (III: 88)
Dragons are lighter than they look (III: 88)
Dragons can fly high enough to lose themselves amidst the clouds (III: 88)
There are tales of dragons grown so huge as to be able to pluck giant krakens from the seas (III: 88)
Tales tell of wise old dragons living a thousand years (III: 89)
A dragon's natural span of days is many times as long as a man's (III: 89)
The dragons of House Targaryen were bred for war, and in war they died. It is not easy to kill a dragon, but it can be done (III: 89)
Balerion the Black Dread was two hundred years old when he died during the reign of Jaehaerys the Conciliator (III: 89)
A dragon never stops growing so long as he has food and freedom (III: 89)
The Targaryens raised an immense domed castle, the Dragonpit, to keep the royal dragons. It was a cavernous dwelling, with doors of iron so wide that thirty knights could ride through them abreast (III: 89)
None of the pit dragons ever reached the size of their ancestors. The maesters said it was because of the walls around them and the great dome above (III: 89)
Different dragons seem to breathe flames of different colors. A young black breathes orange, scarlet, and black flame, and a young cream-colored dragon breathes pale golden flames (III: 93, 94)
Dracarys means dragonfire in High Valyrian (III: 94)
The spinal crest seems to extend down the tail (III: 270)
A dragon's talons are black (III: 270)
The Targaryens and perhaps others have sought a way to bring dragons into the world once more. There have been incidents with the nine mages and the alchemists, and a dark incident at Summerhall it seems. No good has ever come of the attempts (III: 292. IV: 535)
Dragons coil into balls, wings and tails tight and eyes hidden, when they sleep (III: 311)
Horses are frightend of dragons (III: 312)
Good Queen Alysanne, wife to the Old King, had a dragon named Silverwing that she rode to visit the Wall at one time (III: 453)
King Jaehaerys and Good Queen Alysanne brought six dragons north with them to Winterfell (III: 468)
Nine mages crossed the sea to hatch Aegon the Third's cache of eggs, but failed (III: 598)
Baelor the Blessed prayed over his cache of eggs for half a year, but the prayers went unanswered (III: 598)
Aegon IV built dragons of wood and iron, but they burned (III: 598)
Dragons may be partial to those with Targaryen or Valyrian blood (III: 647)
It's said in Ironborn legend that Nagga was the first sea dragon (IV: 268)
The dragonlords of old used enchanted dragon horns to call and command their dragons, it's claimed (IV: 277, 279)
Creatures called firewyrms, possibly akin to dragons, are said to exist in the mines and caverns beneath the Fourteen Flames of Valyria. They breathe flames, but have no wings, instead boring through soil and stone. The youngest are as skinny as a girl's arm, but they can grow to monstrous size (IV: 321)
Dragons are neither male nor female, but changeable like flame, shifting between genders. This truth was understood by Septon Barth (IV: 520. SSM: 1)
It's claimed that the Citadel is behind the deaths of the last Targaryen dragons, because of a conspiracy against magic and prophecy (IV: 683)
During Daemon Blackfyre's rebellion, one of his followers, known as Quickfinger, was caught with stolen dragon eggs (TSS: 136)
After guesting at Lord Butterwells's castle for a night and allegedly impregnating his host's three maiden daughters, King Aegon IV the Unworthy gave him the gift of a dragon's egg (TMK: 663)
It was a custom of the Targaryens to place dragon eggs in the cradles of their children (TMK: 668)
The last dragon had a clutch of five eggs, and the Targaryens had others on Dragonstone that had been laid before the Dance of the Dragons. One of the eggs is gold and silver with veins of fire running in it, and another is swirled with white and green (TMK: 668)
The dragon's egg King Aegon IV gave to Lord Butterwell is described as having fine red scales, smooth to the touch and with a shummering quality with flecks of gold and whorls of midnight black. It is said to be heavy enough to smash in a man's skull (TMK: 681)
A young dragon of about two years of age is capable of eating a sheep a day (V: 44)
Dragons had lifespans much longer than humans. However, because so many were involved in wars -- the Dance of the Dragons in particular -- many of them died young (SSM: 1)
There were dragons all over the world once, including Westeros (SSM: 1)
Dragonlore has been accumulated in Valyria, the Citadel, Dragonstone, some of the Free Cities, and perhaps Asshai as well (SSM: 1)
Dragons could be large enough to ride in five years or less (SSM: 1)
Dragonbone was not used in the process of making Valyrian steel (SSM: 1)
All the Targaryen dragons were descended from the three great dragons of Aegon the Conqueror and his sisters (SSM: 1)
Dragons have two legs and wings only -- they do not have forelimbs as well (SSM: 1, 2)